106 2 229 848 17 UTMZ UTME UTMN ZN CU PB NI CO AG MN FE MO W U U-W F-W PH (2A6,F2.0,F6.0,F7.0/T21,5F5.0,F5.1,F5.0,F5.2,T66,2F5.0/T21,F5.1/T21,F5.2, F5.0,F5.1) GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA OPEN FILE 562 NATIONAL GEOCHEMICAL RECONNAISSANCE MAP 42-1978 REGIONAL STREAM SEDIMENT AND WATER GEOCHEMICAL RECONNAISSANCE DATA NORTHERN BRITISH COLUMBIA, 1978, NTS 104P OPEN FILE 562 (REVISED, 1980) IS ONE OF TWO OPEN FILES (561 AND 562) COVERING THE TOTAL NORTHERN BRITISH COLUMBIA SURVEY AREA. REVISED FILE INCLUDES URANIUM CONTENT OF WATERS. THE RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY WAS UNDERTAKEN BY THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE BRITISH COLUMBIA DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND PETROLEUM RESOURCES UNDER THE TERMS OF THE CANADA-BRITISH COLUMBIA AGREEMENT ON A URANIUM RECONNAISSANCE PROGRAM. E.H.W. HORNBROOK DIRECTED GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA ACTIVITIES. S.B. BALLANTYNE, REGIONAL GEOCHEMIST, WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR PLANNING, COORDINATING AND SUPERVISING FIELD OPERATIONS. CONTRACTS LET FOR SAMPLE COLLECTION, PREPARATION AND ANALYSIS WERE SUPERVISED AND/OR MONITORED BY STAFF OF THE GEOCHEMISTRY SECTION AS FOLLOWS: COLLECTION - STAFF AND EQUIPMENT PROVIDED BY BEMA INDUSTRIES LIMITED. LANGLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA. LIFTAIR INTERNATIONAL, CALGARY - S.B. BALLANTYNE. - G. NORDIN (BRITISH COLUMBIA MINISTRY OF ENERGY, MINES AND PETROLEUM RESOURCES) PREPARATION - GOLDER ASSOCIATES, OTTAWA. - J.J. LYNCH ANALYTICAL - CHEMEX LABS. LIMITED, VANCOUVER. - ATOMIC ENERGY OF CANADA LIMITED, OTTAWA. - BARRINGER MAGENTA LTD., TORONTO - J.J. LYNCH AT THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA, N.G. LUND WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR OPEN FILE PRODUCTION AND DATA MANAGEMENT AND WAS SUPPORTED BY F. WILLIAMS OF THE CARTOGRAPHIC SECTION WHO SUPERVISED MAP PREPARATION. PLOTTING FACILITIES WERE MADE AVAILABLE THROUGH THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA AND COMPUTER SCIENCE CENTER OF E.M.R. PROVINCIAL LIASON WAS WITH N.C. CARTER, BRITISH COLUMBIA MINISTRY OF ENERGY, MINES AND PETROLEUM RESOUCES. STREAM SEDIMENT AND WATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED AT AN AVERAGE DENSITY OF ONE SAMPLE PER 13 SQUARE KILOMETRES (5 SQUARE MILES) THROUGHOUT THE 25,900 SQUARE KILOMETRE (9,600 SQUARE MILE) TOTAL NORTHERN BRITISH COLUMBIA SURVEY AREA. THE HELICOPTER AND 4-WHEEL DRIVE TRUCK SUPPORTED SAMPLE COLLECTION WAS CARRIED OUT DURING THE SUMMER OF 1978. SAMPLE SITE DUPLICATE SAMPLES WERE ROUTINELY COLLECTED IN EACH ANALYTICAL BLOCK OF TWENTY SAMPLES. IN OTTAWA, FIELD DRIED SAMPLES WERE AIR-DRIED AND THE MINUS 80 MESH (177 MICRONS) FRACTION WAS OBTAINED AND THEN BALL MILLED FOR SUBSEQUENT ANALYSES. AS REQUIRED, AT THIS TIME, CONTROL REFERENCE AND BLIND DUPLICATE SAMPLE POSITIONS IN EACH ANALYTICAL BLOCK OF TWENTY SEDIMENT SAMPLES WERE FILLED. THE CONTROL REFERENCE AND BLIND DUPLICATE SAMPLE POSITIONS IN EACH ANALYTICAL BLOCK OF TWENTY WATER SAMPLES WERE FILLED IN BRITISH COLUMBIA AT THE BASE CAMP. THE DETERMINATION OF ZN, CU, PB, NI, CO, AG, MN, FE, MO AND W IN STREAM SEDIMENTS WAS CARRIED OUT BY CHEMEX LABS LIMITED. THE DETERMINATION OF U IN STREAM SEDIMENTS WAS CARRIED OUT BY ATOMIC ENERGY OF CANADA LIMITED. THE DETERMINATION OF U, F AND PH IN STREAM WATERS WAS CARRIED OUT BY BARRINGER MAGENTA LIMITED. FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ZN, CU, PB, NI, CO, AG, MN AND FE, A 1 GRAM SAMPLE WAS REACTED WITH 3 ML OF CONCENTRATED HNO3 IN A TEST-TUBE FOR 30 MINUTES AT 90C. AT THIS POINT, 1 ML CONCENTRATED HCL WAS ADDED AND THE DIGESTION WAS CONTINUED AT 90C FOR AN ADDITIONAL 90 MINUTES. THE SAMPLE SOLUTION WAS THEN DILUTED TO 20 ML WITH METAL FREE WATER AND MIXED. ZN, CU, PB, NI, CO, AG, MN AND FE WERE DETERMINED BY ATOMIC ABSORTION SPECTROSCOPY USING AN AIR-ACETYLENE FLAME. BACKGROUND CORRECTIONS WERE MADE FOR PB, NI, CO AND AG. MOLYBDENUM WAS DETERMINED BY ATOMIC ABSORTION SPECTROSCOPY USING A NITROUS OXIDE-ACETYLENE FLAME. A 0.5 GRAM SAMPLE WAS REACTED WITH 1.5 ML CONCENTRATED HNO3 AT 90C FOR 30 MINUTES. AT THIS POINT 0.5 ML CONCENTRATED HCL WAS ADDED AND THE DIGESTION WAS CONTINUED AT 90C FOR AN ADDITIONAL 90 MINUTES. AFTER COOLING, 8 ML OF 1250 PPM AL SOLUTION WERE ADDED AND THE SAMPLE SOLUTION WAS DILUTED TO 10 ML BEFORE ASPIRATION. URANIUM WAS DETERMINED USING A NEUTRON ACTIVATION METHOD WITH DELAYED NEUTRON COUNTING. A DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE METHOD IS PROVIDED BY BOULANGER ET AL. (1975). IN BRIEF, A 1 GRAM SAMPLE IS WEIGHED INTO A 7 DRAM POLYETHYLENE VIAL, CAPPED AND HEAT SEALED. THE IRRADIATION IS PROVIDED BY THE SLOWPOKE REACTOR WITH AN OPERATING FLUX OF 10**12 NEUTRONS/SQ. CM./SEC. THE SAMPLES ARE PNEUMATICALLY TRANSFERRED FROM AN AUTOMATIC LOADER TO THE REACTOR, WHERE EACH SAMPLE IS IRRADIATED FOR 60 SECONDS. AFTER IRRADIATION, THE SAMPLE IS AGAIN TRANSFERRED PNEUMATICALLY TO THE COUNTING FACILITY WHERE AFTER A 10 SECOND DELAY THE SAMPLE IS COUNTED FOR 60 SECONDS WITH SIX BF3 DETECTOR TUBES EMBEDDED IN PARRAFIN. FOLLOWING COUNTING, THE SAMPLES ARE AUTOMATICALLY EJECTED INTO A SHIELDED STORAGE CONTAINER. CALIBRATION IS CARRIED OUT TWICE A DAY AS A MINIMUM USING NATURAL MATERIALS OF KNOWN URANIUM CONCENTRATION. TUNGSTEN WAS DETERMINED AS FOLLOWS: A 0.2 GRAM SAMPLE OF STREAM SEDIMENT WAS FUSED WITH 1 GRAM KHSO4 IN A RIMLESS TEST TUBE AT 575C FOR 15-20 MINUTES IN A FURNACE. THE COOLED MELT WAS THEN LEACHED WITH 10 ML CONCENTRATED HCL IN A WATER BATH HEATED TO 85C. AFTER THE SOLUBLE MATERIAL HAD COMPLETELY DISSOLVED, THE INSOLUBLE MATERIAL WAS ALLOWED TO SETTLE AND AN ALIQUOT OF 5 ML WAS TRANSFERRED TO ANOTHER TEST TUBE. 5 ML OF 20% SNCL2 SOLUTION WERE THEN ADDED TO THE SAMPLE ALIQUOT, MIXED AND HEATED FOR 10 MINUTES AT 85C IN A HOT WATER BATH. A 1 ML ALIQUOT OF DITHIOL SOLUTION (1% DITHIOL IN ISO-AMYL ACETATE) WAS ADDED TO THE TEST SOLUTION AND THE TEST SOLUTION WAS THEN HEATED OVERNIGHT AT 80-85C IN A HOT WATER BATH. THE TEST SOLUTION WAS THEN REMOVED FROM THE HOT WATER BATH, COOLED AND 3.0 ML OF KEROSENE ADDED TO DISSOLVE THE GLOBULE CONTAINING THE TUNGSTEN-DITHIOL COMPLEX. THE ABSORBANCE OF THE KEROSENE SOLUTION WAS MEASURED AT 630 NM USING A SPECTROPHOTOMETER. URANIUM WAS DETERMINED IN THE WATER SAMPLES BY A FLUOROMETRIC METHOD. THE URANIUM WAS INITIALLY PRECONCENTRATED BY EVAPORATION. THE RESIDUE AFTER EVAPORATION WAS FUSED WITH A MIXTURE OF NA2CO3, K2CO3 AND NAF IN A PLATINUM DISH, AFTER COOLING THE FLOURESCENCE OF THE FUSED PELLET WAS MEASURED USING A TUNER FLUOROMETER MODEL 111. FLUORIDE IN STREAM WATER SAMPLES WAS DETERMINED USING A SPECIFIC ION ELECTRODE. AN ALIQUOT OF THE SAMPLE WAS MIXED WITH AN EQUAL VOLUME OF A TISAB SOLUTION (TOTAL IONIC STRENTH ADJUSTMENT BUFFER). THE FLUORIDE WAS MEASURED USING ORION SELECTIVE AND REFERENCE ELECTRODES AND AN ORION ELECTOMETER. FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PH AN ALIQUOT OF THE WATER SAMPLE WAS TRANSFERRED TO A CLEAN DRY BEAKER. THE PH WAS MEASURED USING GLASS AND CALOMEL ELECTRODES WITH AN ORION ELECTOMETER. ON RECEIPT, FIELD AND ANALYTICAL DATA WERE PUNCHED ONTO 80 COLUMN CARDS AND ALL SUBSEQUENT PROCESSING WAS CARRIED OUT WITH THE AID OF COMPUTERS. THE FIELD DATA WERE RECORDED BY THE FIELD CONTRACT STAFF ONTO STANDARD GEOCHEMICAL STREAM WATER AND SEDIMENT SAMPLE FIELD CARDS (REV. 77) USED BY THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. THE SAMPLE SITE POSITIONS WERE MARKED ON APPROPRIATE 1/250,000 SCALE NTS MAPS IN THE FIELD. THESE MAPS WERE DIGITIZED AT THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN OTTAWA TO OBTAIN THE SAMPLE SITE UTM COORDINATES. THE DOMINANT ROCK TYPES IN THE STREAM CATCHMENT BASINS WERE IDENTIFIED ON A GEOLOGICAL MAP WITH A MODIFIED LEGEND COMPILED BY G.D. NORDIN AND S.B. BALLANTYNE FOR THE NGR GEOCHEMICAL MAPS. GEOLOGICAL SOURCES ARE GIVEN IN THE REFERENCES. THE ANALYTICAL DATA WERE RECORDED AS FOLLOWS (SEE GARRETT, 1974, FOR DETAILS) AND FOR CONVENIENCE THE DETECTION LIMITS OF THE ANALYTICAL METHODS USED ARE ALSO GIVEN- ELEMENT ANAL. CARD COLUMNS DETECTION LIMIT SEDIMENT ZN 1 21-25 2 1 CU 1 26-30 2 1 PB 1 31-35 2 1 NI 1 36-40 2 1 CO 1 41-45 2 1 AG 1 46-50 0.2 0.1 MN 1 51-55 5 2 FE % 1 56-60 0.02 0.01 MO 1 66-70 2 1 W 1 71-75 4 2 U 2 21-25 0.2 0.1 WATER U PPB 3 21-25 0.05 0.02 F PPB 3 26-30 20 10 PH 3 31-35 UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED THE UNITS OF MEASUREMENT FOR THE ANALYSES ARE PPM. THE SECOND FIGURE UNDER DETECTION LIMIT IS THE FIGURE TO WHICH VALUES WERE ARBITRARILY SET IF THEY FELL BELOW THE DETECTION LIMIT. THOROUGH INSPECTIONS OF THE FIELD AND ANALYTICAL DATA WERE MADE TO CHECK FOR ANY MISSING INFORMATION AND/OR ERRORS. THE SAMPLE SITE COORDINATES WERE CHECKED BY PLOTTING SAMPLING LOCATION MAPS ON A FLAT-BED PLOTTER FROM THE DIGITIZED COORDINATES AND THEN OVERLAYING THESE OVER THE FIELD CONTRACTOR'S SAMPLE LOCATION BASE MAPS. QUALITY CONTROL AND MONITORING OF THE GEOLOGICAL DATA WAS UNDERTAKEN BY A STANDARD METHOD USED BY THE RESOURCE GEOCHEMISTRY SUBDIVISION AT THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. REFERENCES GABRIELSE, H.(1963) MCDAME MAP-AREA, CASSIAR DISTRICT, BRITISH COLUMBIA. GEOL. SURV. CAN. MEMOIR 319, 138P. BOULANGER, A., EVANS, D.J.R. AND RABY, B.F. (1975) URANIUM ANALYSIS BY NEUTRON ACTIVATION DELAYED NEUTRON COUNTING: PROC. OF THE 7TH ANNUAL SYMP. OF CANADIAN MINERAL ANALYSTS. THUNDER BAY, ONTARIO, SEPT. 22-23, 1975. GARRETT, R.G. (1974) FIELD DATA AQUISITION METHODS FOR APPLIED GEOCHEMICAL SURVEYS AT THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA: GEOL SURV. CAN. PAPER 74-52 G.S.C. OPEN FILE 214 (JUNE,1974) ISKUT RIVER BRITISH COLUMBIA.